Myopia Control

Myopia control refers to various methods and treatments used to slow down or stop the progression of nearsightedness (myopia) in children and young adults. Myopia is a common vision problem where objects in the distance appear blurry. Myopia progression can occur when the eye continues to grow beyond its normal length causing frequent changes to the optical prescription. 

It is estimated by 2050, 52% of global population will be myopic. Hence it is critical to invest in regular check ups and prevention now so that we can limit that predicted increase as much as possible. 

Myopia control measures can include wearing specialised contact lenses, spectacles, or orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses, which are designed to reshape the cornea overnight. Other interventions may involve medicated eye drops (atropine), which help to relax the eye's focusing mechanism and lifestyle changes, such as spending more time outdoors and reducing screen time. 

When myopia gets severe (around -5.00D or higher), there is increased the risk of developing some serious eye conditions, including:

1. Glaucoma: People with high myopia have nearly a 50% higher chance of developing open-angle glaucoma, a condition that damages the optic nerve and can cause irreversible vision loss​.
2. Cataracts: High myopia also raises the chances of cataracts, especially the types that affect the centre of the lens. Those with high myopia are more likely to need cataract surgery earlier in life compared to people with lower or no myopia​.
3. Retinal Holes, Tears & Detachments: Myopic eyes are typically longer, meaning the retina is stretched. This makes it more likely to develop tears, which can lead to retinal detachment—a serious condition that can result in permanent vision loss if not treated right away​.
4. Myopic Macular Degeneration: This is a form of macular degeneration specific to high myopia, which can lead to central vision loss as you age. Unfortunately, there’s no cure for the more advanced stages of this condition, so the best approach is prevention​.
5. Lifestyle Impact : A significant lifestyle impact of moderate and high myopia is limited freedom in vision. You are dependent on your glasses or contact lenses to see and it can limit the freedom of vision in sports and or physical activities

It’s no coincidence that myopia rates are climbing alongside lifestyle changes. Less time outdoors, more screen time, and a lot of close-up work (think reading and device use) are all factors that can push myopia to progress. 

The good news is there are some effective ways to manage myopia, especially in kids. Here’s what we can do:

1. Encourage Outdoor Play: Spending time outside—preferably around 90 minutes to two hours a day—can help slow myopia progression in kids. Natural light plays a part in healthy eye development, which is something indoor lighting can’t replace.
2. Discuss myopia control options with Optometrist :  Find out more about each individual myopia control method below. Our optometrist can help advise personalised methods of management depending on each individual case during consultations. We aim to provide best management options for all our patients.